heoretical lifespan of ternary lithium batteries

　　The theoretical lifespan of ternary lithium batteries is about 800 cycles, which is at a moderate level in commercial rechargeable lithium batteries. Lithium iron phosphate undergoes approximately 2000 cycles, while lithium titanate is said to achieve 1000 cycles. At present, popular battery manufacturers agree in the instructions for manufacturing ternary cells that they should be charged and discharged more than 500 times (under standard conditions). However, after assembling lithium cells into battery packs, due to consistency issues, the working voltage and internal resistance are usually not exactly the same, and their cycle life is about 400 times. The manufacturer strongly recommends the SOC application dialog box to be 10%~90%, and does not recommend deep charging and discharging, otherwise it will cause irreversible damage to the positive and negative electrode structure of the battery. If calculated based on shallow charging and discharging, the cycle life will be at least 1000 times. In addition, if lithium-ion batteries often discharge under polymer cells and high temperatures, the lifespan of rechargeable batteries will significantly decrease to less than 200 times.

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