The working principle of pumped storage power stations

　　Pumped storage power stations are equipped with dual-purpose units for both pumping and power generation. During the day and in the first half of the night, the reservoir releases water, and the high water level passes through a dual-use unit. At this time, the dual-use unit acts as a generator, converting the mechanical energy of the high water level into electrical energy and transmitting it to the power grid. Addressing power shortages during peak electricity usage; In the latter half of the night, the power grid is in a low electricity consumption valley, and electrical energy cannot be stored in the grid. At this time, the dual-purpose unit is used as a pump (the dual-purpose unit can rotate in reverse), and the excess electrical energy in the grid is used to pump water from the low water level to the high water level and inject it into the high water level reservoir. In this way, during the low electricity consumption valley, the excess electrical energy in the grid is converted into mechanical energy for water storage in the reservoir.

　　At the peak of electricity consumption, the reservoir releases water and converts the mechanical energy of the water into electrical energy through a generator, which is then transmitted to the power grid. The water in the reservoir is used multiple times, together with two units, to complete multiple energy conversions. High water level reservoirs store a large amount of low water level water, which is equivalent to storing excess electrical energy in the power grid, solving the problem of inability to store electrical energy. Due to the different electricity prices during peak and valley periods, with high peak electricity prices and low valley electricity prices, the economic benefits of pumped storage stations are greatly improved.

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