Lithium ion battery energy storage has significant defects

　　Lithium ion batteries have significant shortcomings in energy storage, mainly reflected in safety, cost, and environmental hazards.

　　Safety issue: The electrolyte in lithium batteries is prepared with flammable solvents, and the oxidants and reducing agents on the positive and negative electrodes are separated by a layer of approximately 20 micrometer thick separator. Under high voltage and high current operating conditions, when reaching a certain temperature, oxidants and reducing agents are prone to undergo a large amount of thermal chemical reactions with the electrolyte, increasing the risk of battery pack accidents. Especially, the accident probability of lithium-ion batteries significantly increases with the increase of battery loading, and the accident probability of energy storage stations may be much higher than that of electric buses.

　　Cost and environmental hazards: After the performance of lithium batteries declines over time, they need to be recycled, and the cost may become an unbearable burden for the industry. Although battery cascading is considered a solution, it may actually lead to large-scale scrapping of batteries, with exponential increases in hidden dangers that may ultimately outweigh the benefits. In addition, lithium batteries do not contain toxic substances such as lead, cadmium, and mercury, but they emit less gas during use and will not cause serious pollution to the environment.

　　Technical and application challenges: Although lithium batteries have advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and low self discharge rate, and are widely used in multiple fields, their safety issues need to be highly valued. Especially in large-scale applications such as energy storage power stations, once an accident occurs, the harm is enormous and the environmental damage is strong. In addition, lithium batteries are afraid of high temperatures, overcharging, and collisions, requiring a higher level of protection to ensure safe operation, which increases technical costs, complexity, and vehicle weight.

　　In summary, although lithium batteries have significant advantages in the field of energy storage technology, their significant shortcomings cannot be ignored, especially in terms of safety and cost, which require further technological breakthroughs and improvements.

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