Lithium-ion battery model designations encode critical information about size, chemistry, and performance, aiding in identification and compatibility. These alphanumeric codes follow industry conventions, though specifics vary by manufacturer.

The most common format for cylindrical cells, like the 18650, uses three numbers indicating dimensions: diameter (mm) × length (mm). “18650” means 18mm diameter and 65mm length; similarly, “21700” denotes 21mm × 70mm. For prismatic cells, labels may include thickness, width, and height (e.g., “506070” for 5mm × 60mm × 70mm).

Chemistry indicators are often embedded in the model. For example, “ICR” (Lithium Cobalt Oxide) and “INR” (Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide) are common in Samsung cells, while “NCR” (Nickel Cobalt Aluminum) is used by Panasonic. These codes reveal energy density and safety profiles: ICR cells offer high capacity but lower thermal stability, while INR cells balance capacity and safety.

Capacity and voltage may also be specified. A label like “18650-2600mAh-3.7V” directly states the capacity (2600mAh) and nominal voltage (3.7V). Some manufacturers use watt-hour (Wh) ratings (e.g., “18650-9.62Wh” = 2600mAh × 3.7V).

Discharge rate capabilities are indicated by symbols or suffixes. “10C” means the cell can discharge at 10 times its capacity (e.g., 2000mAh × 10C = 20A continuous). Suffixes like “HT” may denote high-temperature tolerance, while “LP” could indicate low-profile design.

Manufacturer-specific codes often include batch numbers or production dates for quality control. For example, a Samsung label like “INR18650-25R” breaks down as: INR (chemistry), 18650 (size), 25 (2500mAh), R (round cell).

Understanding these designations is vital for selecting compatible replacements. Mismatched sizes can cause fitment issues, while incorrect chemistry or discharge rates may lead to poor performance or safety hazards. Always cross-reference model codes with technical datasheets for precise specifications.

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